Structurally reconfigurable designer RNA structures for nanomachines

Abstract

Structurally reconfigurable RNA structures enable dynamic transitions of the functional states in response to diverse molecular stimuli, which are fundamental in genetic and epigenetic regulations. Inspired by nature, rationally designed RNA structures with responsively reconfigurable motifs have been developed to serve as switchable components for building engineered nanomachines, which hold promise in synthetic biological applications. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the design, synthesis, and integration of engineered reconfigurable RNA structures for nanomachines. We highlight recent examples of their targeted applications such as biocomputing and smart theranostics. We also discuss their advantages, challenges as well as possible solutions. We further provide an outlook of their potential in future synthetic biology.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

RNA nanomachine / Structure / Reconfiguration / Biocomputing / Theranostics

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2020YFA0908900), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21775157, 21775104, 11705270, 21834007), the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (19JC1410300), the LU JIAXI International team program supported by the K.C. Wong Education Foundation, the National Major Special Project for the Development of Transgenic Organisms (2018ZX08011-04B), the Open Large Infrastructure Research and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (2012205, 2016236).

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Conflict of interest Kai Jiao, Yaya Hao, Fei Wang, Lihua Wang, Chunhai Fan and Jiang Li declare that they have no conflict of interest. Human and animal rights and informed consent This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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