Pathogenic roles of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy

doi:10.3868/j. issn. 2096-0689. 2019. 03. 001

Journal of Translational Neuroscience

2019, Vol. 4

Issue (3) : 1-13 https://doi.org/10.3868/j. issn. 2096-0689. 2019. 03. 001

Review

Pathogenic roles of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy

Hanjiang Luo1, Min Chen2, Shun Yu1,3,4,5*

1.Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China，
2.Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
3.Clinical Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
4.Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100053, China
5.National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing 100053, China

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Abstract Alpha-synucleinopathies (α-synucleinopathies) are a diverse group of neurodegenerative diseases comprising Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Although in all these diseases there exist abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in nerve tissues, the pathological lesions formed by α-syn aggregates and their cellular locations are quite different. In PD and DLB, the hallmark pathological lesions are Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs), which are localized in the neuronal somata and processes. In MSA, the characteristic pathologic structures are glial cytoplasmic inclusions, which are deposited in the cytoplasm of oligodendrocytes. The fact that PD and MSA have distinct pathological α-syn lesions suggest that different mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of the two diseases. In this review article, we compare the clinical manifestations and pathological features of PD and MSA, the two common synucleinopathies, and discuss the potential mechanisms for the formation of α-syn aggregates and their pathologic roles in PD and MSA.

Keywords alpha-synucleinopathy (α-synucleinopathies) alpha-synuclein (α-syn) Parkinson’s disease (PD) multiple system atrophy (MSA)

Issue Date: 23 March 2020

Cite this article:

Hanjiang Luo, Min Chen, Shun Yu, . Pathogenic roles of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy[J]. Journal of Translational Neuroscience,2019, 4(3): 1-13.

URL:

http://journal.hep.com.cn/jtn/EN/10.3868/j. issn. 2096-0689. 2019. 03. 001
http://journal.hep.com.cn/jtn/EN/Y2019/V4/I3/1

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