A novel strategy for gas mitigation during swine manure odour treatment using seaweed and a microbial consortium

Highlight

• Comprehensive mitigation of gas emissions from swine manure was investigated.

• Additives addition for mitigation of gas from the manure has been developed.

• Sargassum horneri, seaweed masking strategy controlled gas by 90%-100%.

• Immediate reduction in emitted gas and improving air quality has been determined.

• Microbial consortium with seaweed completely controlled gas emissions by 100%.

Abstract

Gas emissions from swine farms have an impact on air quality in the Republic of Korea. Swine manure stored in deep pits for a long time is a major source of harmful gas emissions. Therefore, we evaluated the mitigation of emissions of ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and amine gases from swine manure with biological products such as seaweed (Sargassum horneri) and a microbial consortium (Bacillus subtilis (1.2 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), Thiobacillus sp. (1.0 × 10¹⁰ CFU/mL) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2.0 × 10⁹ CFU/mL)) used as additives due to their promising benefits for nutrient cycling. Overall, seaweed powder masking over two days provided notable control of over 98%-100% of the gas emissions. Furthermore, significant control of gas emissions was especially pronounced when seaweed powder masking along with a microbial consortium was applied, resulting in a gas reduction rate of 100% for NH₃, amines and H₂S over 10 days of treatment. The results also suggested that seaweed powder masking and a microbial consortium used in combination to reduce the gas emissions from swine manure reduced odour compared with that observed when the two additives were used alone. Without the consortium, seaweed decreased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. The proposed novel method of masking with a microbial consortium is promising for mitigating hazardous gases, simple, and environmentally beneficial. More research is warranted to determine the mechanisms underlying the seaweed and substrate interactions.

Keywords

Seaweed / Consortium / Mitigation / Ammonia / H₂S / Volatile fatty acids (VFAs)

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through the Agriculture and Livestock Machinery/Equipment Industry Technology Development Program (No. 318012-4) and funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), and the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (Project No. PJ013307), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

Author contributions

G.H.H. conceived and designed the study; M.L. designed and performed the experiments; L.H.D. and K.M.K. analyzed the data; R.B. and D.H.K. contributed material/analysis tools; and M.L. wrote the paper.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1230-4 and is accessible for authorized users.

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